Quantitative Analysis of Culture Using Millions of Digitized Books Jean-Baptiste Michel, 1,2,3,4 *† Yuan Kui Shen, 5 Aviva Presser Aiden, 6 Adrian Veres, 7 Matthew K. Gray, 8 The Google Books Team, 8 Joseph P. Pickett, 9 Dale Hoiberg, 10 Dan Clancy, 8 Peter Norvig, 8 Jon Orwant, 8 Steven Pinker, 4 Martin A. Nowak, 1,11,12 Erez Lieberman Aiden 1,12,13,14,15,16 *† 1 Program for Evolutionary Dynamics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. 2 Institute for Quantitative Social Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. 3 Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA. 4 Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. 5 Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. 6 Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.